poore



(No Modem v G. POORE 8v W. C. STORBY.

SUBMARINE VESSEL.

UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GRAYDON POORE-AND WILLIAM CAMPER STOREY, OF LONDON, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

SUBMARINE VESSEL.

SPEGIFICATON forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,693, dated March 19, 1889;

Application iiled February 6, 1888l SeralNo. 268,118. (No model.) Patented in England March 21, 1887, No. 4,227 in France January 28, 1888, No. 188,279; inBelg'imn January 24, 1888, No.4 80,364 inGermanyJanuary 28,1888,No. 44,088 inItaly March 31, 1888, XLV, 218; in Austria-Hungary May 27, 1888, No. 4,538, and in Spain June 7, 1888, N0. 7,865.

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GRAYDON PooRE and WILLIAM CAMPER STORES?, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland,residing,

respectively, at Queen Victoria Street, in the city of London, and Regent Street, in the county of Middlesex, both inthe Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented Improvements in Submarine Vessels, (for which 1o we have obtained Letters Patent in England, No. 4,227, dated March. 21, 1887; in France, No.'188,279,date d January v23, 1888; in Germany, No. 44,088, datedJanuary 28, 1888; in Austria-Hungary, No. 4,533, datedHMay 27, 1888; in Belgium, No. 80,364, dated January 24,1888; in Spain, No. 7,865, dat'ed June 7, 1888, and in Italy,.No. 218, dated March 3l,- 1888, volume XLV,) of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention has for objects to enable a submarine vessel, torpedo-mine, or the like, hereinafter called a submarine vessel, to automatically maintain a horizontal position or state of equilibrium when desired, whether it be at rest or in motion, notwithstanding displacement of weights within the vessel such as would otherwise interfere with the stability of the vessel,to enable such a vessel to be raised or lowered to any required 3o depth on an even keel, (or with its aXis horizontal,) and to enable it to automatically rise on reaching a greater depth than it is desirable she should maintain.

According to this invention We employ the 35 pressure of the water in which the vessel is submerged, and which varies with the depth of submersion, to act through suitable apparatus for attaining the objects hereinbefore mentioned.

In order that the nature of this invention and the manner of performing -it may be clearly uuderstood,we proceed to explain the same by aid of the annexed sheet of illustrative drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows in central longitudinal vertical section parts of a submarine vessel embodying features of this invention which are applicable to a submarine vessel, a torpedomine, or the like, hereinafter included in the expression submarine vessel. Fig. 2 is a 5o detail view showing apparatus for 4discharging water from the vessel, as hereinafter de-4 scribed.

For maintaining a submarine Vessel, 1, in a horizontal position or state of equilibrium, we arrangeat or near each end of the vessel a chamber, 2,containing a piston, 3, or a plunger or diaphragm one side of which is inffree-communication with the water in which the vessel is submerged. The pistons, plungers, or diaphragms are connected with each other and with valves 4 by any suitable means, mechanical, electrical, or other. In the example illus- )trated each piston 3 is connected by a rod, 5, to one arm, 6,*.of a lever pivoted at 7, and whose other arm, 8, is connected by a chain, 9, with the corresponding arm, 8, of the other lever, asy also with one arm, 10, of a double bell-crank lever pivoted at 11. The two arms 12 of this lever are. connected each to the lever of one of the valves 4, as shown.

The arrangement, as will be seen, is such that when one end of the vessel is submerged lowerthan the other, owing to displacement of internal weights or other cause, the difference of water-pressure on the said pistons 5, or onl the plungers or diaphragms, when such are used in lieu of pistons, due to the dierence in depth of their submersion, will automatically operate one or other of the said pistons, plungers, or diaphragms, and the connected valves, and will cause iiuid under pressure (from a pump, 13,) to pass toward one or other end of the vessel and restore it to ahorizontal position or state of equilibrium. 8 5 The fluid under pressure` may act as movable ballast, and by its weight alter the trim of the vessel; or it may operate pistons'or other suitable means arranged at opposite sides of the vessels midship-section for vvarying the displacement of one or other end of gthe vessel, as desired, or for altering the position of th center of gravity of the vessel. y

According to the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the water under-pressure that flows past each valve is conveyed by a pipe, 14, to apparatus, as follows, (of which there is one nea:` each end of the vessel.) A

l ver, 25, provided with an adjustable balance- 4o `piston 23 is connected -to the valves 4L i e v $99,693

cylinder offtwo diameters has .its party of .smaller diameter, 15, in communication .with

Athe pipe 14, and its part of larger diameter, 16, incommunication by pipe 17 with the ex- Aterior of the vessel. The :cylinder contains a smaller piston, 18, and a larger piston, 19, these being conneeteQ'p--by a rod, 20. The valves 4 are three-wayeocks, each having a connection by-a pipe',`21, witha tank, 22, in

the vessel 1.

When Water under pressure flows past one of the valves 4 by one of the pipes 14 to one of the cylinders, the pistons of that cylinder move outward and force out of the vesselwater from the larger part, 16, of such cylinder.

At the same time, the pressure behind the smaller piston, 18, of the other cylinder being reduced, the pressure of water external to the vessel overcomes the resistance of the pistons" in that cylinder, which'accordingly recede and admit water from without the vesselinto the larger part of such cylinder, and vice versa.

To enable the submarine vessel to be raised or lowered on an even keel, and to be caused to assume a given depth, we employ a piston, plunger, or diaphragm that is in free communication at one side with the external water. In Fig. la piston, 23, is shown. The other side of this piston is connected. by suitable means-,such as a. rod, 24-to-a graduated le# weight, 26, or with a spring, and valso by other means-such as a bar or link, 27-p ivoted to the said lever 25 to a valve or valves that controls or control the passage of motive Huid to apparatus for altering the specific Weight or the total displacement of the vessel, as well as the relative displacement of its two end portions or the locality' of its center of gravity. In the arrangement illustrated the through the double bell-crank lever 10 l2,

hereinbefore mentioned. As a modification, one arm of the bell-crank-lever-A 10 12Vmight be connected to a weighted pendulum-rod or equivalent, employed for determining the horizontality of the vessel, instead of being connected to and operated by the pistons 3, the

.l so

or b'y altering`the tension of the spring,where other arm or arms of the said lever being con? nected with the valves just mentioned. By adjusting the weight on the graduatedlever,

a spring is used, the vessel may be set to fall or rise to any desired depth. The bar or lever may be caused at all times to remain in t-he same position with reference to a horizontal or vertical plane, notwithstanding changes to the. apparatus hereinbefore mentioned to actuate kthe pistons thereof,for the purposes in the position of the vessel or departure from horizontality, by reason of its connectionwith the weighted pendulum-rod, and will'in consequence suitably distribute the motive fluid mentioned. y

For the purpose of preventing descent of the vessel beyond a safe depth, we employ a piston or equivalent in free communication at one side with the external Water, and connected at its other side `with an adjustable counterbalanced lever or equi valent, and with means such that when the vessel has reached the lowest depth to which it may safely'be allowed to descend a volume ofl water or other Weight or ballast is suddenly released or the displacementof the vessel increased, and the vessel thus caused to rapidly rise to the'surface or to a safe depth. Y

Referring to Fig. 2 of the annexed drawings, 28 is a cylinder in which is a piston, 29,

,whoserod 30 -is connected to'one arm, 31, of

the weighted lever of a valve, 32, which' controls `a pipe, 33, through which,when the valve opens, Waternnder pressure may pass from a steam-boiler tothe exterior of the vessel. The inner end o f cylinder 28 is open to the atmosphere. Thus it will be understood thatthe position of the piston 29 in its cylinder 28 will vary with the pressurel of water .behind the piston, which will depend upon the depth of.submersion ofthe vessel.

- What We claim isv l. In a submarine vessel, the combination of pistons or their equivalent, subject on one side to the pressure of the Water in which the vessel is placed andarranged to be capable of moving under the differential action of the water-pressure thereon, chambers arranged4V at each side of; the vessels midship-section to contain liquid, a fluidpressure Vgenerator adapted to supply fluid under pressure, pipes connecting Asaidgenerator with said chambers, and a valve or valves to control the passage of fluid under pressure from said generator to one of said chambers and the escape of fluid from the other of said chambers,

said valve or valves being arranged to be operated `by movement of said pistons or equiva lent due to difference of pressure thereon, for' the purpose specified.

2. In a submarine. vessel, the combination of pistons or their equivalent, subject on one IIO side ,to the pressure of Water in which the ves- -sel is placed, andso connected and arranged fluid therefrom, said valve or valves being in connection with said pistons or vtheir .equivalent, `and arranged to substantially as described.

3. In a submarine vessel,'the combination of a piston or equivalent, subject on one side to pressure of the external Water, a loaded lever connected at one end to said piston or equivalent, a fluid-pressure generator adapted to supply fluid under pressure, chambers arbe operated thereby,

ranged at each side. of tliqxvessels midshilisection to contain liquid and in communicatially as described, for -the' purpose specied.;

4. In a submarine vessel, the combination, with pistons or their equivalent, connected to move together and arranged at opposite sides of the vessels midship-section and subject on one side to the pressure of the water in which the .vessel is placed, a loaded `lever, a'piston or equivalent, also subject on one side to the pressure of the externalwater and connected to one arm of said lever, a fluid-pressure generator, chambers arranged at oppesite sides of the vessels midship-section to'contain liquid, and each in communication at one end with said fluid-pressure generator, and at the opposite end with a liquid-supply, and a valve or valves adapted to control the passage of fluid under pressure from said generator to one of said chambers, and the escape of iluid from the other of said chambers, said valve or valves being connected with said loaded lever and with the -connected pistons, subfied.

5. In a submarine vessel, the combination of chambers 2, arranged at opposite sides of the vessels midship-section and in free com.- munication at one end With the external water, pistons 3, or their equivalent, adapted to move in said chambers, a pump, 13, adapted to supply iluid under pressure, pipes 14, in communication with said pump and adapted to conduct said lluid from one part of the vessel to another, valves 4, adapted to control the passage of said fluid through said pipes n 14, and means for connecting said pistons 3 valves 4, connected with said double-bell` 6o with said valves 4, substantially as herein described, for the purpose set fort-h.

6. In a submarine vessel, the combination of chambers 2, each in communication at one end with the external water, pistons 3, or equivalent, arranged to move in said chambers, levers 6 8, and chain 9, or equivalent, connecting said pistons, a double bell-crank lever, 1Q 12, pivoted at 11 and connected with saidchain 9, a pump, 13, adaptedto Asupply fluid under pressure, pipes 14, incommunication with the delivery sideof saidjpump and capable of conducting said fluidY from one part of said Vessel to another,.a tankgl22, containing fluid and placed in communication with the suction side of said pump; and

crank lever 10 12 and adapted to control ithe passage of fluid through said pipes 14, all substantially as herein described.

7. In a submarine vessel, the combination of chambers 2, each in free communication at one end with the external water, pistons 3, or equivalent, arranged to move in said chambers, a pump, 13, adapted to supply iluid unof said pipes 14, and at the other end with the with the water external to said submarine' der pressure, pipes 14in communication at one end with said pump, valves 4, adapted to controlthe passage of said fluid through said 7o pipes 14, means for connecting -said pistons\ with said valves 4, cylinders 15 16, located at each side ofthe vessels midship-section, and. each in communication at one end with one 7 external Water, connected pistons 18 19, -5 adapted to move in said"c`yliiiders-5 and 16, respective1y,. a tank, 22, in communication with the exhaust side of said pump, and pipes 21, adapted to place said pipes 1 4 in communication with said tank, substantially as herein described, for the purposesset forth.

8. In a submarine vessel, the combination of chambers 2, each in free communication at one end with the external water, pistons 3, or

equivalent, arranged to move in said cham! bers, a pump, 13, adapted to supply fluid under pressure, pipes 14, in communication at one end with said pump, valves 4, adapted to control the passage of said fluid through said pipes, a double bell-crank lever, 10 12, pivoted at 11 and connected with said pistons 3` and with said valves 4, a piston, 23, acted upon by pressure of external water, a lever, 25,'connected to said piston 23, and provided with an adjustable balance-weight, 26, or a spring, a

link, 27, whereby said double bell-crank lever 10 12 isspended :to said lever 25, cylinders 15 and 16, located at each side of the vessels midship-section, and each in communication at one end with one of said pipes 14, and at the other end with the external Water, connected pistons 18 19, adapted to move in said cylinders 15 and 16, respectively, a tank, 22, in communication with the suction side of said pump, and pipes 21, adapted to place said pipes 14 in communication with said tanks, substantially as herein described, for the purposes set forth.

9. In a submarine vessel, a cylinder, 28, in free communication at one end with the water in which said vessel is placed-,fa piston, 29, or equivalent, arranged to move in said cylinder, a loaded lever, one arm, 31, of which is in connection with said piston, or equivalent, a vessel containing liquid under pressure, a pipe, 33, in communication with said vessel containing liquid under pressure and Ioo IIO

vessel, and a valve, 32, connected to said lever 12o and arranged to control the passage of liquid under pressure through said pipe 33, substantially as herein described, for the purpose set forth.

10. In a submarine vessel, the combination of chambers 2, each in free communication at one end with the external Water, pistons 3,*or equivalent, arranged to move in said chambers, a pump, 13, adapted to supply uid under pressure, pipes 14, each in communication at one end Vwith said pump, a double bellcrank lever, 10 12, pivoted at 11, means for connecting said pistons 3 with said bell-crank lever, valves 4, connected with said double i `site lpassage of 'Iiuid through said pipes 14, a pisp'ton, 23, acted upon by pressure of external water, a lever, 25, connected to Said piston 23,

15 the suction side of said pump, and pipes 2l,

adapted to place said pipes 14 in communication with Said tanks, a cylinder, 28, in free communication at one end with the water in j, which said vessel is placed, a piston, 29, or '2o equivalent, arranged to movein said cylin-V bell-crank lever and arranged to control thel der, a loaded lever, one arm, 31, of whichis i Hin connection with said piston,or equivalen-t;

a vessel containing liquid underpressure, a

`pipe, 33, in 'communication with said vessel l v Y, containing liquid lunder pressureand with the 'a 5..; K

water external to said submarinevessel, and

a valve, 32, connected to said lever andarp n.

ranged to control the passage of liquid under" pressure through said pipe 33, substantially .i

as herein described,' for the purpose setforth. In testimony whereof we have signedour names to this specification inthe presence of I r two subscribing witnesses.. l

GRYDON POORE. l WILLIAM` CAMPER rSTOREY;l

Witnesses: v

' I W. CRoss,

F. .L BROUGHAM, 

